1.   Theoretical definition of oxidation

         a)   Loss of e^-
         b)   Increase in oxidation number Fe²⁺ -> Fe³⁺ + e^-


2.   Easy identification of oxidation in organic chemistry:

         a)   Insertion of O into a bond

         b)   Loss of H² across a bond

         c)   Replacement of H with a more electronegative element


3.   Determining oxidation states of C in organic molecules

         a)   must be done for the reactive carbon center.
         b)   H is always +1
         c)   O is -1 for each bond to C thus C-O-H is -1, C=O is -2.


4.   General oxidation restrictions

         a)   primary alcohols

                 i)   Jones reagent -CrO₃/H⁺,  Cr₂O₇^2-/H⁺,H₂CrO₄

                 ii)   KMnO₄/OH^-,H⁺

                 iii)   Collins reagent CrO₃/pyridine

         b)   Secondary alcohols

                 i)   Jones' reagent and Collins' reagent and KMnO₄/OH^-,H⁺


         c)   Tertiary alcohols

                 i)   not easily oxidized

         d)   Aldehydes

                 i)   Tollins reagent Ag(NH₃)₂⁺, H⁺

                 ii)   KMnO⁴/OH^-, H⁺


5.   The mechanism of the Jones oxidation.


6.   Sublimation

                 a)   Method of purifying a volatile solid.

                 b)   Increase mean free path of molecules. Move further without bumping into each other. Volatiles hit the cold finger first.