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| Ultramafic rocks are dominated by olivine or olivine and pyroxene. Such rocks are rare on the Earth's surface, but they dominate the mantle. Many ultramafic rocks found on the surface in fact were brought up from the mantle by rising bodies of magma that erupted on the surface. |
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This is an example of a mantle xenolith. A rising basaltic magma ripped off a piece of the upper mantle and carried it to the surface. |
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