In November 1991, Gore Vidal came to Pittsburgh to shoot his scenes for
the movie Bob Roberts: The Times Are Changing Back Again, a mock
documentary about a right-wing businessman-cum-folk-singer who runs for a
U.S. Senate seat in Pennsylvania.
The movie's writer/director/star, Tim Robbins, was the husband of
the actress Susan Sarandon, with whom Vidal has been friends since
Sarandon appeared in Vidal's 1973 Broadway play, An Evening
with Richard Nixon. But even without the Sarandon connection,
the role of Sen. Brickley Paiste - an old-fashioned liberal with
supreme self-confidence - was perfect for Vidal, who has always
called himself something resembling a liberal, but who is no less critical of liberalism than
he is of any other political philosophy.
Vidal maintains that The System has failed the American ideal of democracy and
freedom, and that the Democrats and the
Republicans are merely different branches of one big political party,
which he calls the Property Party (a borrowed term), with self-interest at their
collective heart.
Vidal also claims that the art of the novel has withered in the past
several decades. And he offers a most startling theory of what has
gone wrong with the study of the novel in 20th Century America.
We had our conversation on the afternoon of Nov. 15, 1991, seated in
the back of the auditorium of Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall in
Pittsburgh. Vidal wore a three-piece suit and a bow tie, his costume
for the movie. He had just finished filming a short scene and was
waiting for a call to film his biggest scene - a debate between his
character and the right-wing upstart. The debate would take place on
the stage of the auditorium, where a production crew was busy
setting up as we talked.
By the way, if you came directly to this page, please visit The Gore
Vidal Index after you read the interview, which also appears in its
entirety in Conversations with Gore Vidal (above), published
in 2005
by the University Press of Mississippi.
KLOMAN: In 1956, you wrote about what the novel should be. You
wrote
that "it seeks the exploration of the inner world's distinctions and
visions where no camera may follow, the private, the necessary
pursuit
of the whole, which makes the novel at its highest the humane art
that
Lawrence called the one bright book of life." What American
novelists now do you think achieve what you spoke of a number of
years
ago as being the ideal for the novel?
VIDAL: Well, that piece went on to make the case that the novel was
pretty much finished - not as a form, but the audience had gone.
There
are more novelists in England than there are novel readers. I was
commenting then that film had taken over and was the preferred
artform
of this period, and that the novel has now joined poetry as something
well worth doing for its own sake, but it no longer has a great
public, it's no longer essential. The film director has taken the
place of the novelist.
I said to an interviewer not long ago, "You know, I used to be a
famous novelist." He said, "Oh, well, you're still well-known. People
read you." I said, "I'm not talking about me specifically. My category
has vanished." Saying you're a very famous novelist is like saying
you're a famous ceramicist - maybe a good ceramicist or a successful
ceramicist, but famous? That was lost on our watch, Norman [Mailer]
and I. So is the whole notion of the great writer who sort of spoke
for his time.
KLOMAN: You say on "your watch..."
VIDAL: Well, during the period which Norman and I were principal
players over the last 40 year - the war novelists, of which we were
about the last. What good writing do I see? I don't see much of
anything that I find terribly interesting. Like everybody else, I'd
rather see a movie usually.
KLOMAN: Two of the best-selling literary novelists in America - that
is, people who sell well but who also are considered to be literary
figures - are Updike and Doctorow. Would you comment on them?
VIDAL: I don't really read them very much. I've read a book or two
by
each one. I think they write very well. There are obviously many
different publics in the land. Updike has a sort of exurban New
Yorker
reading public, Doctorow more a city college intellectual. But I've
never been very interested in either of them. The writers that
interest me are a little bit more adventurous perhaps than they are.
A
woman in England now called Jeanette Winterton, a marvelous
writer. I
find someone like Golding interesting. I introduced Calvino to the
American public about 15 years ago. That's what interests me. I don't
care so much about naturalistic novel writing. It's had its day.
KLOMAN: Do you believe that your novels achieve what the novel
should
be?
VIDAL: Well, some do and some don't. It depends on what I'm doing.
I
do two kinds of books: I reflect upon history and religion;
and I have my total inventions, like
Duluth and Myra Breckinridge, and those alternative worlds,
comic and
satiric,
whatever word you want to use, the reverse of realism. Actually,
I've
been what they call an experimental novelist, probably the most
varied
of the lot. But as nobody knows what anybody has written - nobody
knows. [Chuckles]
KLOMAN: Is there one or two of those books you're most fond of?
VIDAL: I like Duluth, and certainly Myra and
Myron.
KLOMAN: Messiah?
VIDAL: Messiah, yes. It's an interesting book. Certain of
them have
become cults. Messiah is a cult book, Kalki is.
Duluth never really
caught on because nobody knows about it. Perhaps they'll find out.
There's no longer a grapevine for books. In the old days somebody
would read a book and tell somebody else about it. It would be word
of
mouth. That's just sort of stopped. We don't really have any critics
that people pay attention to. In the old days, someone like Orville
Prescott in the daily New York Times could make or break
a book.
KLOMAN: Why has this happened?
VIDAL: Lack of interest.
KLOMAN: What creates that lack of interest?
VIDAL: Two generations have now grown up on television. They
don't
learn to read very well, if at all. If you don't enjoy reading by the
time you're 13 or 14, you're not going to pick it up. And they watch
television from babyhood, as a sort of pacifier. I think that a mind
shaped by flashing images works differently than a mind that has
been
shaped by linear type. Don't ask me what the difference is because I
haven't a clue, because I belong to one side and they're on another
side.
KLOMAN: Is there any irony that you do films?
VIDAL: No, no. I do everything, whatever amuses me. Narration is all
the same. The big question: Are the movies an artform? That's a hard
one. The result sometimes looks like it, but it's such a collective
enterprise, you can't really say where the authorship is, which is
where the Cahiers du Cinema people lept right off the
edge,
particularly with those cornball Hollywood directors of the '30 and
'40s whom they began to call masters. They were just sausage-makers
turning out what the studio told them to do.
KLOMAN: You wrote in 1966 that "in a civilized society, law should
not
function at all in the area of sex, except to protect people from
being interfered with against their will." You included prostitution
on the list. In 1991, we feel we're more enlightend about
prostitution, we know what leads so many women to prostitution.
Any
thoughts on that?
VIDAL: Well, men too. Prostitution is a great
necessity, and
should....
KLOMAN: But sociology points to the fact that so many prostitutes
were abused or sexually molested...
VIDAL: ...So many wives, too. Prostitution is a natural thing, and in
a world made more dangerous with AIDS, [we need] legalized
prostitution
with medical examinations, which is pretty much what they did in
the
l9th Century. 1948 was the terrible year. A French Communist
senator -
a lady - and an Italian communist senator - a lady - each of them in
'48 passed laws banning prostitution. They had houses and they
were
legally and medically inspected at regular intervals. Then of course
all the women ended up on the street, and they had a huge epidemic
of
venereal disease, which was a disaster. Misplaced morality.
KLOMAN: Politics. When the Kennedy presidency began, you said that
"civilizations are seldom granted a second chance," and you
somewhat
looked fondly upon the Kennedy administration as a second chance.
But
in '67 you said, "something mysteriously went wrong" with the
presidency. Might he have become a great president in a second term
with more experience? What was it that went wrong?
VIDAL: That's what he told me. [Chuckles] He didn't have it. He had
no
plan. He was playing a game. He enjoyed the game of politics, like
most of them do. There was no real substance to him. He was quite
intelligent, very shrewd about people, but he liked the glamour of it
all. He loved war, he had a very gung-ho attitude. I began to part
company with him about the Bay of Pigs. Then we all forgave him,
and
he started the invasion and started to beef up the troops in Vietnam.
KLOMAN: Was the Bay of Pigs naivete?
VIDAL: Well, it was pretty dumb. He could easily have said no. The
intelligence was so dreadful. Of course he was then blamed by the
CIA
for not using aerial backup, but then it was pretty clear that we'd
made an error. They convinced themselves that the Cubans were
going to
rise up against Castro.
KLOMAN: How much of your assessment of him do you think he
would agree
with himself? Was he aware of his lack of substance or depth? Did he
think he was a great man?
VIDAL: He thought himself a pretty good man. He wasn't at all vain, I
mean no more than the average man. His line to me was that a so-called
great president is entirely happenstance, the period you happen to
be
living in, and all the great presidents have always been living in
disastrous times, like Reagan. In other words you have to have war.
It's the war presidents that people remember, not the ones in
between.
And I think he designed the uniform for the Green Berets himself. I
saw him drawing it, and I said to him, "Do you know the last Chief of
State who designed a military uniform was Frederick the Great of
Prussia?" [Chuckles] He was not terribly amused by the comparison.
[Laughs]
KLOMAN: Vietnam would not have been different had Kennedy lived
until
1968?
VIDAL: Nah. I think he might have just played right along. They got
themselves into so much false thinking - the "Dominos," if Vietnam
falls, Thailand falls. But it doesn't fall. [Chuckles] But they get
these mindsets, then nothing they do makes any sense. "We fought
the
war to contain China." I mean, what's he talking about? If you want
to
contain China - I knew enough history and geography, which he
didn't,
and nobody in the administration did - the Vietnamese had been for
thousands of years dedicated enemies of the Chinese. If you want to
contain China, you help Ho Chi Min - you don't drop bombs on him. I
used to go on television and argue with the administration people -
this is after Jack was dead.
KLOMAN: What kind of president would Bobby Kennedy have been?
VIDAL: Pretty sinister. A little Machiavellian. Not Machiavellian, he
was Savonarola, he was highly moral, obsessed, vengeance. Jack had
a
funny story about him. Nobody could stand him, they put up with
him
because of John. And somebody came up to Jack and was
complaining
about Bobby's behavior. And Jack says [slipping into a hauntingly
good
Kennedy impersonation]: "Look, you've got to remember, Bobby's a
policeman, he's gotta arrest somebody. If he hasn't arrested
somebody,
he'll go home at night and he'll arrest Rose." [Laughs]
KLOMAN: In 1968, you wrote about liberalism: "Trying to make
things
better, trying to compromise extremes, trying to keep what he have
from falling apart, the liberal goes about his dogged task." Who are
the great liberals today, who can we look to to make things better?
Who can the Democrats look to next Year?
VIDAL: Well, I think since I wrote that, the system has collapsed.
What is wrong is systemic. A change in personnel is not going to
make
the slightest difference. No matter who's going to be elected
president, the situation is going to get worse. The Constitution has
ceased to function. It's totally corrupt. The elections now cost the
world. Whoever's elected president will not represent the people of
the country, he'll represent the interests who gave him the money to
run. Why do you think Bush can run on cutting the capital gains tax?
That's the price of having the office bought for him.
KLOMAN: There's no chance for a true populist?
VIDAL: None. None. Even if he could find the money, which is quite
doubtful, billions of dollars would be dedicated to destroying him.
They wouldn't allow such a thing to happen. The two parties are the
same, and some people pay for both. The decisions are made in the
corporate boardrooms, not only in the U.S., but in Tokyo as well.
We don't have representative government. Congress has given up.
The
only two powers it has - one is to declare war, the other is the power
of the purse, the budget - it has given up both. So the Congress has
ceased. Watching Clarence Thomas being coached by the White
House, one
realized that this Supreme Court has nine mediocre lawyers acting as
a
legal council to the executive. They're there to scream "hosanna,"
right on, at any executive decree. So where are the checks and
balances, where's the government? We have a national security state,
and the country's run by the national security council and is not
accountable to anybody. Ollie North is still at large.
KLOMAN: How do they get away with it? Surely the people must be
somewhat complicitous in this?
VIDAL: The people don't know anything about it. Only about 10
percent are
interested in politics at any time. In bad times, people get
interested because they want to know why they don't have any
money.
KLOMAN: But if only 10 percent are interested, then the other 90%
are
complicitous for not being interested.
VIDAL: They have no control. People aren't stupid. They're ignorant -
we have the least well-educated population of any First World
country.
We're at the bottom of every single list for reading skills and
mathematics. We have no public education, so you start right off -
they don't have much information. Half of them never read a
newspaper
- just as well, looking at them - half of them don't vote for
president. But they understand the system. They know it's corrupt.
Every poll you take, Congress is way down there among people you
admire. They're not admired. Everybody knows it's a corrupt game.
What we need, a way out, is a constitutional convention. We can start
this thing over again. Liberals immediately start screaming, "They'll
take the Bill of Rights away." Well, the point is, they're taking it
away anyway, the Supreme Court. If they're really going to do that,
the famous "they," why not do it in an open convention, see where
you
stand. Jefferson wanted to have a constitutional convention every 30
years. "Nobody should expect a man to wear a boy's jacket," he said.
Nobody dreamed this document would still be sitting around 200
years
later with all its patches.
KLOMAN: You open Messiah with the words, "I envy those
chroniclers who
assert with reckless but sincere abandon: I was there, I saw it
happen,
it happened thus." It goes on to say that "we are all betrayed by
those eyes of memory, the vision altering, as it so often does, from
near in youth to far in age." You were not yet 30 when you wrote
that.
You're, well, older than that now. I wonder, is that true of you? How
has your vision altered from youth to advanced youth.
VIDAL: Hmmm, to old age. I remain the same. The wisdom in that
passage
is that what alters is memory, that the way you remember things
changes as you get older. Some things you remember more clearly,
and
some things you start to forget
KLOMAN: Some of your memories, as you're talking now, seem very
vivid.
Gene Luther in the book says, "Something has happened to my
memory."
What do you find yourself forgetting, or wondering if you can trust
to
memory?
VIDAL: Well, I'm now at the point where I'm the subject of a number
of
biographies.
KLOMAN: Authorized?
VIDAL: There's one that is, Walter Clements at Newsweek
is writing
it,
he's been at it five years now. So I am obliged to think about the
past. My memory of almost anything is not the other person's
memory,
it's totally different. And you get really to the point: What do you
trust? I'm supposed to have invented something called "historicity,"
and I'm going up to Dartmouth for a Gore Vidal week starting
Monday.
They've got about six professors from around the country, and
there's
a whole theory which they call "historicity," which I represent, which
is the intersection between fact and fancy exemplified by my books
about the American republic. I'll know more about what it is when I
get
there. I'm not a literary theoretician. It really is a relativeness,
it's Heisenberg's law applied to history. Heisenberg's principle is
that nothing "is," but it only "is" in relation to where you're
standing to see. There is no actual thing there, there's just a
variant view of it one has.
KLOMAN: You're standing farther away from the things you once
saw. How
do you find your vision of the things you know you've seen alter?
VIDAL: Well, the mind is always kind of a machine. The mind doesn't
remember anything, it remembers what it last remembered. It's like
an
onion, there's just layer after layer. If you've had a long life, you
remember quite a lot.
KLOMAN: Do you ever read the books you wrote in the '40s and '50s?
I
wonder how you see them or think of them now.
VIDAL: No. I read about them because they do these Ph.D. things and
sometimes I look at them, I don't really read them. It comes back to
me, the books, when I read what they're writing about.
KLOMAN: Do you find there's a lot of scholarly interest in your work
now?
VIDAL: Oh, yes.
KLOMAN: Why?
VIDAL: Well, I was blacked out for 40 years by the American
universities and by the press.
KLOMAN: Why?
VIDAL: Oh, too numerous, the reasons. And they suddenly realized
that
they had been putting on Hamlet without the Prince, and
you can't go
on doing Rosencrantz and Guildenstern forever. And it just
suddenly
hit
them. And I didn't much care for the universities. I don't like the
bureaucratization of literature which goes on there, or history. So
I've been sharply critical of them. Now they realize the game is over,
there are no longer voluntary readers, very few of them, dying out.
And the universities want to at least keep some part of literary
culture alive - usually the wrong parts, since they have no ability in
telling what's what. So I went to Harvard this spring and gave the
Massey lectures. Now I do the week at Dartmouth, they'll show two
films of mine, do a play. And then the seminar in historicity and so
on. Papers will be read, it should be interesting
KLOMAN: Some people might say - but I would never ever say this -
that
to hear you say they've been doing Hamlet without the
Prince - that
sounds as little, what's the word, egotistical?
VIDAL: Sure it is. But it's pretty clear to me that there's a big hole
in the middle, and if it isn't me, what is it? Why is there a hole
there? What they do is they want people who celebrate received
opinion. And this is a very, very conservative country intellectually, very
meager, to be blunt. So they want very safe, everyday sort of
writers.
They have experimental writing, but it has to look like somebody has
studied Finnegans Wake very carefully and is going to try
to
recreate
another sacred masterpiece. I think [Joyce] wrote to be read, not as
much to be taught. You have two generations now that are writing
books
within the universities to be taught within the universities.
KLOMAN: It seems that if there are no voluntary readers, then you
must
write to be taught.
VIDAL: I wouldn't know how to do that, and I wouldn't do it if I
could
do it. But that seems to be the canon.
KLOMAN: Your story A Moment of Green Laurel is about
an adult
who
essentially encounters himself as a child. It's nostalgic,
melancholic...
VIDAL: It's also ripped off by Rod Serling.
KLOMAN: For a Twilight Zone?
VIDAL: Yes.
KLOMAN: Did you know him?
VIDAL: Yes. I told him, too. [Chuckles]
KLOMAN: Did he admit it?
VIDAL: No.
KLOMAN: I wonder how often you look back, consider the past, relive
the past, as that protagonist does in the story?
VIDAL: There's flashes occasionally - of memory.
KLOMAN: What sort of things do you flash on when you have flashes
like
that of the past? Perhaps mystical, melancholy flashes?
VIDAL: Oh, I don't do much memory lane. It's just that a place,
perhaps, will trigger the imagination and memory. I don't traffic
much
in the past. But as I said, it's on my mind now because I have to
answer all these questions.
KLOMAN: A theme that has run through your work is the final line of
Washington, D.C., where you write: "Change is the nature of life, and its
hope." Can
you tell me some of the changes you've seen yourself go through in
your public and private life?
VIDAL: I seem to be a rather monotonous figure. I don't think I
change
much at all. Change is going on all the time. We can't control change.
KLOMAN: But individual change, personal change? Does that
statement
not apply to the individual as well?
VIDAL: That line applies to the human race, the species actually,
species and adaptation. That's what I had in mind there, not the
individual changing. People do - from what to what, since you don't
know what you started out as? Where's the measuring stick?
KLOMAN: What was the impetus to write Messiah? It's
almost 40
years
old, and it seems more relevant today than ever. Bob Roberts
is
about,
in part, what Messiah is about.
VIDAL: It's the same story, in a sense.
KLOMAN: Did others see the media-ization of public figures at that
time like you did?
VIDAL: It did so badly. Nothing of mine would be reviewed in the
daily
Times, or Time or Newsweek. Five
books were just blacked out, so I
had
to go to television.
KLOMAN: Not reviewed at all? Why?
VIDAL: After The City and the Pillar, Orville Prescott of
The New York
Times told Nicholas Wreden of E.P. Dutton that he would
never
read,
much less review a book of mine. So that meant the daily New
York
Times - he did all the daily reviews. Time magazine
and Newsweek
followed suit. So I was blacked out by the Times, my least
favorite
newspaper. Oh, they poisoned a lot of wells. Just as recently, when
my
Lincoln was being done on NBC, the "dreaded" William Safire, author
of
Freedom, a book about Lincoln which did quite badly, got
them to
write
a piece about the mini-series, trying to kill it before it was shown:
It was full of errors, the historians didn't like it, and so forth and
so on. It was pure New York Times poison. They do it all
time. They
just did it to poor Norman, getting John Simon to review him,
knowing
that John Simon would give him a venomous review, which is what
John
Simon exists for.
KLOMAN: When you say poor Norman, are you being ironic, or do you
really feel bad for him?
VIDAL: Oh, I feel for him, I do. I have a certain fellow feeling for
Norman.
KLOMAN: The idea that you put forth in Messiah is what
Bob Roberts
is
about, and now we're beginning to realize it. We certainly began to
realize it with the 1960 presidential elections...
VIDAL: ...As they say, "ahead of its time." A lot of people have tried
to make movies of it over the years. A lot of scripts were written.
KLOMAN: Seriously? Anybody of note or significance?
VIDAL: Well, the guy, what's his name, the guy who produced
Hair,
Michael Butler. He tried five, six years ago for a film or a play.
KLOMAN: I always wondered who would play John Cave in the film.
I've
also had some wonderful casting in mind for a film of
Washington,
D.C.
I've always imagined Paul Newman as Blaise Sanford and Burt
Lancaster
as Burden Day.
VIDAL: That would be nice. Someone just bought Empire.
We're
trying to
get him to do the whole lot.
KLOMAN: How common, in the early '50s, was the idea of people
being
sold by the camera, what Messiah and Bob Roberts
are all about.
VIDAL: It hadn't started really. Television was very new. The first
sort of TV campaign was '52, Eisenhower vs. Adlai Stevenson.
KLOMAN: Was that in any way an impetus for Messiah.
VIDAL: It might have been. Adlai Stevenson was an unknown
governor of
Illinois but had been picked by Harry Truman to be the nominee.
And
Stevenson, unknown, got up and made a speech at the convention
welcoming the delegates, and he was famous for a night, the whole
country knew him. And I thought, "This is new." That was about the
time I turned my attention to Messiah.
KLOMAN: When you wrote The City and the Pillar, what
consequences did
you expect to face after its publication? I believe I read once that
you said it ended your chance for a political career.
VIDAL: Well, it did at that time. But I picked it up again in 1960 and
then in '64. I had the election to the House but turned it down
because I wanted to go back to novel writing. I knew it [The City
and
the Pillar] was going to cause a lot of distress...
KLOMAN: What sort of distress?
VIDAL: Well, for the press and so on
KLOMAN: For friends and family?
VIDAL: Oh, that's their business. Some interviewer for a magazine
asked my father - very clever interviewer, they usually aren't that
enterprising - she said to him, he was a charming man: "Don't you
find
Gore terribly courageous for the positions he takes?" He said, "Well,
what's courageous when you don't care what people think about
you?"
[chuckles] It was a rather good take on it.
KLOMAN: Were there any personal consequences among friends and
family?
VIDAL: Nnnn.
KLOMAN: Peers? Other writers?
VIDAL: No, no. I think they were delighted. I was the leading war
novelist, and suddenly I was eliminated. I was no longer competition
to any of them. [Chuckles]
KLOMAN: The book is not very sexually explicit, whereas of course Myra makes
up for lost time. Was that because of the times? Did you feel
restricted from writing explicit sex in the book? Certainly in '68 you
didn't.
VIDAL: No, in '48 is was pretty explicit.
KLOMAN: By today's standards...
VIDAL: ...oh, it's mild, yeah...
KLOMAN: But by the standards of the time...
VIDAL: ...oh, it was pretty far out, yeah.
KLOMAN: Did you want to go farther? Did you want to describe
more?
VIDAL: No, I'd done quite enough.
KLOMAN: Did you ever consider a sequel to the character in the
book?
VIDAL: He crops up again, Jim Willard, in The Judgment of Paris.
It
was all invented you know. I wanted to make this thing look like a
very all-American, middle-class, Norman Rockwell boy to give it its
force. Some brilliant type wouldn't have worked.
KLOMAN: In the '90s, one of the big issues of the gay rights
movement
is outing. Any thoughts on that?
VIDAL: Well, the theory is okay. But you have to go back to what my
positions are, which is that there's no such thing as a "homosexual"
person and no such thing as a "heterosexual" person. These are
adjectives which describe actions. They never describe a person. So I
start out by denying that these two categories exist. Well, to say
that to the average American, they just can't get that through their
heads, no matter what their interest might be. So once you take that,
then of course I'm all for changing laws and removing persecution
and
so on, but not ever in admitting that there is such a thing. I mean,
only a society as sick as the United States would come up with these
categories.
Behind it is this really very, very primitive society - you asked
about the reaction to The City and the Pillar - I hadn't
realized to
this extent that there really was no civilization here at all. We have
brilliant people every now and then, but there is no intellectual
world, for instance. The nearest thing was the sort of Jewish group in
New York to which I belonged - The Partisan Review, now
The New
York
Review of Books - but it's so small. It's basically rather
incoherent.
KLOMAN: So the responses of intellectuals to some of these issues...
VIDAL: ...Well, they were just as bad as my Baptist cousins in
Mississippi. From intellectuals I would have expected more
intelligence, but then you realize there isn't much intelligence. I
always thought I would live long enough to see some sort of
civilization take root in the U.S. I did my bit, but it's rather worse
than it was.
KLOMAN: The women's movement has made some progress, the civil
rights
movement has made progress. The gay rights movement seems not
to be
makinq as much progress...
VIDAL: ...Well, AIDS put a big cramp into that, of course. It's helped
demonize it all over again.
KLOMAN: Will it ever happen that the gay rights movement will
make the
advances that women's rights and civil rights have made?
VIDAL: Oh, sure.
KLOMAN: How long will it take?
VIDAL: Who knows, who knows. I'm all for militant action and
changing the laws.
KLOMAN: How militant? Some see outing as militant. Revealing
people in
positions of influence?
VIDAL: Yeah, but you know, a man is married, he has four children,
and
occasionally he goes out with a Boy Scout. But what is he? He's a
married man, he's a father, he's bisexual like everybody else. What's
the big deal? It's of no interest at all what anybody does, nor should
it be of any interest. It carries no moral weight.
KLOMAN: But it does for so many people.
VIDAL: Well, it does because they don't understand morality and
they
haven't got anything else going on in their head. I would say that
certainly I would be in favor of outing a judge coming down hard on
the rights of quote-homosexuals-unquote if he were discovered in a
compromising position - why, yes, he should certainly be exposed.
KLOMAN: Actors and actresses?
VIDAL: Why bother with them? They're not doing any harm. Rock
Hudson
was very funny about that. He was in some faggot bar in San
Francisco
- I knew him slightly for years, a nice guy - and a journalist said to
him, "Aren't you worried about appearing at a place like this?" This
was 20 years ago. And he said, "No, why should I be?" The guy said,
"Yeah, but they'll write about you - you're queer." He said, "Try. The
American people will not face the fact that I'm queer." And the
journalist said, "Okay, may I write a story and try to sell it to
Confidential or something?" He said, "Go ahead. They won't take it."
And the guy went ahead and did it, I read about it somewhere. But it
was out of bounds, it was just not going to be considered, it couldn't
be considered.
KLOMAN: When you were writing Myra Breckinridge, did
you realize
- I
don't know, "shock" is such a hard word, but it was certainly
different
from anything you'd written before it. Did you realize people would
raise a few eyebrows at it? Were you laughing while you were
writing
it?
VIDAL: Oh, I thought it very funny, extremely good for the folks.
KLOMAN: "The folks?"
VIDAL [wryly]: The folks.
KLOMAN: The ones who liked Washington, D.C. so much?
VIDAL: And Julian, yes. They may not have liked [Myra]
all that
much, [chuckles] but I though it was funny.
KLOMAN: What was the impetus for that book?
VIDAL: I just heard a voice.
KLOMAN: What did the voice say?
VIDAL: "I am Myra Breckinridge, whom no man will possess." I
didn't
even know she'd had a sex change until I was almost half way
through.
KLOMAN: Seriously?
VIDAL: Yeah. I had no idea. It came out of the ba-loo.
KLOMAN: The British edition of the paperback says this: "Wanting in
every way to adapt to the high moral climate that currently
envelopes
the British Isles, the author has allowed certain excisions to be made
in the American text." Was that true? Did you participate in the
excising. Or did you just allow them to be made?
VIDAL: Yeah. Then about 10 years later, I put it out again with all
that had been removed.
KLOMAN: I once compared Chapter 29 to see what they took out. Just
a
few details and references to anal penetration and stuff like that,
literally just three or four words. What's this "high moral climate"
that enveloped the British Isles in the 1970s?
VIDAL: [Chuckles] I forget what that was.
KLOMAN: What happened to Myra? What went wrong with
the film?
VIDAL: One of the worst directors probably in the world was
assigned
to it.
KLOMAN: When it began, did you have hopes of it turning out?
VIDAL: Yes! Mike Nichols wanted to do it. All we had to do was wait
for him to finish Catch-22, and he would have gone on to
do that. He wanted Anne Bancroft as Myra.
KLOMAN: Anne Bancroft was interested in Myra! And they wouldn't
wait?
Imagine how film history would have been changed - or something
like
that.
I'd like to do a few quick takes on some people you've known over
the
years. Just say a few things about them. Norman Mailer.
VIDAL: Mmmm. No, we don't do that.
KLOMAN: Truman Capote?
VIDAL: No quick takes.
KLOMAN: No quick takes? Paul Newman?
VIDAL: Old friend.
KLOMAN: Guccione?
VIDAL: Nothing to say.
KLOMAN: Richard Nixon? Surely you have something to say about
Richard Nixon.
VIDAL: (yawning, stretching) I did, in An Evening with Richard
Nixon, in which appeared in 1972 an actress called Susan
Sarandon, which is why I'm here now.
KLOMAN: You live mostly, where, in Italy?
VIDAL: In L.A.
KLOMAN: How much of the year in Italy?
VIDAL: Every year is different.
KLOMAN: What will your next novel be.
VIDAL: Live from Golgotha.
KLOMAN: What's it about?
VIDAL: Well, NBC is trying to restore its ratings. They get a team
back to Golgotha to make a special about the Crucifixion. Now, who's
going to be on that cross? Everybody thinks that Shirley MacLaine is
channeling in and a cyberpunk is at work and the memory banks of
Christianity are being eliminated. Only one person can tell the story,
that's Timothy, a friend of St. Paul, and he'll act also as anchor at
the Crucifixion. That gives you a little idea. A story of worn faith.
©Copyright 2005 by
Harry Kloman
University of Pittsburgh
kloman@pitt.edu