| Signs and symptoms of anemia vary with
the rapidity of onset with underlying disease of the
cardiovascular system. Thus, rapid blood loss,
especially if plasma volume decreases rapidly, or brisk
hemolysis may result in cardiovascular reaction,
including tachycardia, postural hypotension,
vasoconstriction in skin and extremities, dyspnea on
exertion, and faintness. Slow developing anemias, such
as those resulting from nutritional deficiency, permit
gradual expansion of the plasma volume so that increase
cardiac output gradually compensates. So the subject may
remain asymptomatic for lon time or noting only slight
exertional dyspnea, pollor of skin and mucous membranes,
jaundice, cheilosis, beffy red, smooth tongue and
koilonychia are signs that accompany more advanced
anemias of different types.
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