Causal and risk Factors

• Familial predisposition: a. Sickle-cell Anemia b. Thalassemia c. G-6-PD Deficiency d. Hereditary spherocytosis

• Iron deficiency

• Vitamin B12 deficiency

• Folic acid deficiency

• Sex and age: elderly

• Transit Erythrocytopnia of childhood

• Hemolytic anemia: a. Autoimmune b. Chemical, Toxic and parasitic c. Red cell Trauma

• Anemia of chronic disease

• Anemia of Chronic renal Failure

• Anemia due cancer cells infiltrating bone Marrow

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