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EXPERT WITNESS

  RESEARCH

Research Interests

• Management of Information Systems
• Software Engineering Measurement and Modeling
• Accounting and Economic Issues in Information Systems
• Technology adoption and diffusion

Researcher Ranking

• “A Metrics Suite for Object Oriented Design”, (with S. Chidamber) ranked as the #1 most highly cited software engineering research paper ever (1972-2015) out of nearly 72,000 papers analyzed in, “Highly-Cited Papers in Software Engineering: The Top 100”, Information and Software Technology , 2016.
• Ranked Top 12 in the world in authorship of highly cited papers, by livari, J.,“ Making Sense of the History of Information Systems Research 1975-1999: A View of Highly Cited Papers”, Communication of the AIS, v. 36, 2015.
• INFORMS Information Systems Society Distinguished Fellow
• “A Metrics Suite for Object Oriented Design”, (with S. Chidamber) ranked in the Top 10 most highly cited IS research papers worldwide (1993-2010) by N. Hassan, “Who else is Reading Our Research? An Exploratory Scientometric Method of Assessing IS Relevance Outside the Allied Management and Computing Fields”, Univ. of Minnesota working paper, 2011.
• ISI/Thomson-Reuters “Highly Cited” Computing Researcher (International)
• Joseph M. Katz Graduate School Excellence in Research Award, 2009, 2010, 2011-2012, 2012-2013
• Ranked Top 50 Most Cited Author in top journals, 1990-2004, by Lowry, P.B., et al., “Assessing Leading Institutions, Faculty and Articles in Premier Information Systems Research Journals”, Communications of the AIS, v. 20, 2007
• Ranked Top 10 in the world in terms of research publications, by Athey S. and Plotnicki, J. “An Evaluation of Research Productivity in Academic IT”, Communication of the AIS, v.3, March 2000. 
• University of Pittsburgh Chancellor’s Distinguished Research Award Nominee, 1999-2000, 2012-2013.
• Ranked Top 25 in the world in terms of research publications and productivity, by Im, K.S., Kim, K. Y., and Kim, J. S. “An Assessment of Individual and institutional research productivity in MIS”, Decision Line, January 1998.

Best Paper Recognition

• Cusumano, M., MacCormack, A., Kemerer, C., Crandall, B., “Software Development Worldwide: The State of the Practice”, IEEE Software, v. 20, n. 6 pp. 28-34, November/December 2003. (Selected as one of IEEE Software’s 25th Anniversary’s best peer-reviewed full length articles.)
• “A Model to Evaluate Variables Impacting Productivity on Software Maintenance Projects”, (with R. Banker and S. Datar), Management Science, v. 37, n. 1, pp. 1-18, January 1991. (“Top 100” Most Cited Article, 1990-2004, Lowry, P.B., et al., “Assessing Leading Institutions, Faculty and Articles in Premier Information Systems Research Journals”, Communications of the AIS, v. 20, 2007.)
• “The Assimilation of Software Process Innovations: An Organizational Learning Perspective”, (with R. Fichman) Management Science, v. 43, n. 10, pp. 1345-1363, October 1997. (“Top 100” Most Cited Article, 1990-2004, Lowry, P.B., et al., “Assessing Leading Institutions, Faculty and Articles in Premier Information Systems Research Journals”, Communications of the AIS, v. 20, 2007.)
• “Towards a Detailed Classification Scheme for Software Maintenance Activities”, (with E. Barry and S. Slaughter), Proc. Of the 5th Americas Conference on Information Systems, August 1999. (Earned Best Paper Award, Software Process Improvement mini-track.)
• “Object Technology and Software Reuse: Lessons from Longitudinal Case Studies of Early Adopters”, (with R. Fichman) IEEE Computer, v. 30, n. 10, pp.-47-59, October 1997. (Translated into Japanese and reprinted in a “Best of” collection of papers, Nikkei Computer Books, ISBN 4-8222-0771-4, 1998.)
• “Computerized Loan Origination Systems: An Industry Case Study of The Electronic Markets Hypothesis”, (with C. Hess), MIS Quarterly, v. 18, n. 3, pp. 251-275, September 1994. (Awarded “Best Paper of 1994” by the MIS Quarterly editors.)
• “How the Learning Curve Affects Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) Tool Adoption”, IEEE Software, v. 9, n. 5, pp. 23-28, May 1992. (Nominated for “Best Article of the Year, 1992”, IEEE Software editorial board.)
• “An Agent-theoretic Perspective on the Management of Information Systems”, (with V. Gurbaxani), Proceedings of the 22nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, v. III, pp. 141-150, January 1989. (Awarded “Best Paper”, Economics of Information Systems Management Minitrack.)

Working Papers

• Singh, S. P., C. Kemerer and N. Ramasubbu,“Dominant Design in Complex-Assembled Digital Products: Longitudinal Analysis of Television Components”, working paper, May 2018.
• “Winners-Take-Some Dynamics in Digital Markets: A Reexamination of the Video Game Console Wars”, (with B. K. Dunn and S. Janansefat), working paper, January 2017.

Published Papers

• Ramasubbu, N. and C. Kemerer, “Integrating Technical Debt Management and Software Quality Management Processes: A Normative Framework and Field Tests”, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, in press, 2017.
• Ramasubbu, N. and C. Kemerer, “Technical Debt and the Reliability of Enterprise Software Systems: A Competing Risks Analysis”, Management Science, vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 1487-1510, May 2016. 
• Ramasubbu, N., C. Kemerer, and J. Woodward, “Managing Technical Debt: Insights from Recent Empirical Evidence”, IEEE Software, pp. 12-15, March/April 2015. 
• "Managing Technical Debt in Enterprise Software Packages", (with N. Ramasubbu), IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 758-772, August 2014.
• Ramasubbu, N. and C. Kemerer, “Towards a Model for Optimizing Technical Debt in Software Products”, International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE) Workshop on Technical Debt, San Francisco, CA, May 2013.
• “Strategies for Tomorrow’s ‘Winners-Take-Some’ Digital Goods Markets”, (with C. Liu and M. Smith), Communications of the ACM, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 76-82, May 2013.
• Ramasubbu, N., C. Kemerer and J. Hong, “Structural Complexity and Team Task Strategy on Object-Oriented Software Maintenance: An Experimental Test”, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 1054-1068, September/October 2012.
• Liu, C., C. Kemerer, S. Slaughter, M. Smith, “Standards Competition In the Presence of Conversion Technology: An Empirical Analysis of the Flash Memory Card Market”, MIS Quarterly, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 921-942, September 2012. 
• Harter, D., C. Kemerer and S. Slaughter, “Does Software Process Improvement Reduce the Severity of Defects? A Longitudinal Field Study”, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 810-827, July/August 2012.  
• Jiang, Y., J. Shang, C. Kemerer and Y. Liu, “Optimizing E-Tailer Profits and Customer Savings: Pricing Multistage Customized Online Bundles”, Marketing Science, vol. 30, pp. 737-752, July-August 2011.  
• Liu, C., E. Gal-Or, C. Kemerer, M. Smith, “Compatibility and Proprietary Standards: The Impact of Conversion Technologies in IT-Markets with Network Effects”, Information Systems Research, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 188-207, March 2011.
• Swanson, B., J. King, I. Benbasat, C. Kemerer, “The Early Years of ISR: Recollections of the Editors”, Information Systems Research, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 665-674, December 2010.
• Cusumano, M., MacCormack, A., Kemerer, C. and Crandall, B., “Critical Decisions in Software Development: Updating the State of the Practice”, IEEE Software, September/October 2009.
• “The Impact of Design and Code Reviews on Software Quality: An Empirical Study Based on PSP Data”, (with M. Paulk), IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 534-550, July-Aug. 2009.
• Ramasubbu, N., Mithas S., Krishnan M.S., and C. Kemerer, “Work Dispersion, Process-Based Learning and Offshore Software Development Performance”, MIS Quarterly, v. 32, n. 2, pp. 437-458, June 2008.
• “Network Effects in the Flash Memory Market: A Preliminary Analysis” (with C. Liu, S. Slaughter, and M. Smith) accepted at the Workshop on Information Systems and Economics (WISE), Montreal, Canada, December 2007.
• “How Software Process Automation Affects Software Evolution: A Longitudinal Empirical Analysis”, (with E. Barry and S. Slaughter), Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution, v. 19, n. 1, pp. 1-31, January-February 2007.
• “Environmental Volatility, Development Decisions and Software Volatility: A Longitudinal Analysis”, (with E. Barry and S. Slaughter), Management Science, v. 52, n. 3, pp. 448-464, March 2006.
• “The Structural Complexity of Software: An Experimental Test” (with D. Darcy, S. Slaughter, and J. Tomayko), IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, v. 31, n. 11, pp. 982-995, November 2005.
• “OO Metrics in Practice”, (with D. Darcy), IEEE Software, v. 22, n. 6, pp. 17-19, November/December 2005.
• Ramasubbu, N., Mithas S.,  Krishnan M.S, and C. Kemerer, “Empirical Analysis of Quality Management Practices in Distributed Custom Software Development” Proc. of the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, August 2004  
• Cusumano, M, MacCormack, A., Kemerer, C., Crandall, B., “Software Development Worldwide: The State of the Practice”, IEEE Software, v. 20, n. 6, pp. 28-34, November/December 2003.
  Selected as one of IEEE Software’s 25th Anniversary’s best peer-reviewed full length articles.
• MacCormack, A., C. Kemerer, M. Cusumano, and B. Crandall, “Trade-offs between productivity and quality in selecting software development practices” IEEE Software, v. 20, n. 5, pp. 78-85, September/October 2003.
• E. Barry, C. Kemerer, and S. Slaughter, “On the Uniformity of Software Evolution Patterns”, Proc. of the 25th International Conference on Software Engineering, Portland, Oregon, May 2003.
• R. Fichman  and C. Kemerer, “Activity Based Costing for Component-based Software Development ”, Information Technology and Management, v. 3, nos. 1/2, pp. 137-160, January 2002.
• R. Banker, S. Datar, C. Kemerer, and D. Zweig, “Software Errors and Software Maintenance Management”, Information Technology and Management, v. 3, nos. 1/2, pp. 25-41, January 2002.
• R. Fichman and C. Kemerer, “Incentive Compatibility and Systematic Software Reuse ”, Journal of Systems and Software, v. 57, n. 1, pp. 45-60, April 2001.
• “Empirical studies of evolving systems” (with K. Bennett, E. Burd, M. Lehman, M. Lee, R. Madachy, C. Mair, D. Sjoberg, and S. Slaughter), Empirical Software Engineering, v. 4, n. 4, December 1999.
• “An Empirical Analysis of Software Evolution Profiles and Outcomes”, (with E. Barry and S. Slaughter), Proc. of the 20th International Conference on Information Systems, December 1999. 
• “The Illusory Diffusion of Innovations: An Examination of Assimilation Gaps”, (with R. Fichman), Information Systems Research, v. 10, n. 3, pp. 255-275, September 1999.
• “An Empirical Approach to Studying Software Evolution” (with S. Slaughter), IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, v. 25, n. 4, pp. 493-509, July/August 1999. 
• ‘Toward a Detailed Classification Scheme for Software Maintenance Activities”, (with E. Barry and S. Slaughter), Proc. Of the 5th Americas Conference on Information Systems, August 1999. (Best paper award, Software Process Improvement mini-track)
• “Managerial Use of Object Oriented Software Metrics”, (with S. Chidamber and D. Darcy), IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, v. 24, n. 8, pp. 629-639, August 1998.
• "Progress, Obstacles, and Opportunities in Software Engineering Economics", Communications of the ACM, v. 41, n. 8, pp. 63-66, August 1998
• “A Longitudinal Empirical Analysis of Software Evolution”, (with S. Slaughter), International Workshop on Principles of Software Evolution, Kyoto, Japan, April 20-21, 1998.
• “Future Markets: Information Technology’s Impact on Market Structure” Chapter 1 in Information Technology and Industrial Competitiveness: How IT Shapes Competition, C. F. Kemerer (ed.), Kluwer Academic Press, 1998.
• “Object Technology and Software Reuse: Lessons from Longitudinal Case Studies of Early Adopters”, (with R. Fichman) IEEE Computer, v. 30, n. 10, pp.-47-59, October 1997. 
  Translated into Japanese and reprinted in Nikkei Computer, pp. 145-153, April 13, 1998.
  Translated into Japanese and reprinted in a “Best of” collection of papers, Nikkei Computer Books, ISBN 4-8222-0771-4, 1998.
• “Determinants of Software Maintenance Profiles: An Empirical Investigation” (with S. Slaughter) Journal of Software Maintenance, v. 9, pp. 235-251, 1997.
• “The Assimilation of Software Process Innovations: An Organizational Learning Perspective”, (with R. Fichman) Management Science, v. 43, n. 10, pp. 1345-1363, October 1997.
• “Reusable Asset” InformationWeek, September 22, 1997, pp. 64-66.
• “Methodologies for Performing Empirical Studies: Report from the International Workshop on Empirical Studies of Software Maintenance” (with S. Slaughter) Empirical Software Engineering, v. 2, n. 2, pp. 109-118, 1997.
• “A Longitudinal Analysis Of Software Maintenance Patterns”, (with S. Slaughter) 18th International Conference on Information Systems, research in progress, Atlanta, Georgia, December 1997. 
• “Network Externalities in Microcomputer Software: An Econometric Analysis of the Spreadsheet Market”, (with E. Brynjolfsson) Management Science, v. 42, n. 12, pp. 1627-1647, December 1996.
• “Software Complexity and Software Maintenance: A Survey of Empirical Research”, Annals of Software Engineering, v. 1, n. 1, pp. 1-22, August 1995. 
• “Computerized Loan Origination Systems: An Industry Case Study of The Electronic Markets Hypothesis”, (with C. Hess), MIS Quarterly, v. 18, n. 3, pp. 251-275, September 1994. (Awarded “Best Paper of 1994” by the MIS Quarterly editors)
• “A Metrics Suite for Object Oriented Design”, (with S. Chidamber), IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, v. 20, n. 6, pp. 476-493, June 1994.
• “Evidence on Economies of Scale in Software Development”, (with R. Banker, and H. Chang) Information and Software Technology, v. 36, n. 5, pp. 275-282, 1994.
• “Software Complexity and Software Maintenance Costs”, (with R. Banker, S. Datar and D. Zweig), Communications of the ACM, v. 36, n. 11, pp. 81-94, November 1993.
• “Toward a Theory of the Adoption and Diffusion of Software Process Innovations”, (with R. Fichman) IFIP Working Conference on Diffusion, Transfer and Implementation of Information Technology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, October 1993.
• “Reliability of Function Points Measurement: A Field Experiment”, Communications of the ACM, v. 36, n. 2, pp. 85-97, February 1993.
• “Adoption of Software Engineering Process Innovations: The Case of Object-Orientation” (with R. Fichman), Sloan Management Review, vol. 34, n. 2, pp. 7-22, Winter 1993.
  Translated into Dutch and reprinted as “Acceptatie van programmeertechnische procesinnovaties: de objectorièntatie” in Management en Organisatie van Automatiseringsmiddelen, Kluwer Bedrijfswetenschappen, Netherlands, March 1995.
• “Bridging the Gap between Research and Practice in Software Engineering Management: Reflections on the Staffing Factors Paradox”, pp. 116-120 in Experimental Software Engineering Issues: Critical Assessment and Future Directions, Rombach, H. D., V. R. Basili and R. W. Selby (eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, (1993).
• “Staffing Factors in Software Cost Estimation Models” (with M. Patrick) Chapter 11 in the Handbook of Software Engineering Productivity, J. Keyes, (ed.), McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, pp. 175-190, 1993.
• “Performance Evaluation Metrics for Information Systems Development: A Principal-Agent Model”, (with R. Banker) Information Systems Research, v. 3, n. 4, pp. 379-400, December 1992.
• “Improving the Reliability of Function Point Measurement: An Empirical Study”, (with B. Porter) IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, v. 18, n. 10, pp. 1011-1024, November 1992.
• “Object-Oriented and Conventional Analysis and Design Methodologies: Comparison and Critique” (with R. Fichman), IEEE Computer, v. 25, n. 10, pp. 22-39, October 1992.
  Reprinted in Readings in Object-Oriented Systems and Applications, D. Rine (ed.), IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993.
  Reprinted in High-Integrity System Specification and Design, J. Bowen and M. Hinchey, (eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2000.
• “How the Learning Curve Affects Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) Tool Adoption”, IEEE Software, v. 9, n. 3, pp. 23-28, May 1992. (Nominated for “Best Article of the Year, 1992”, IEEE Software editorial board.)
  Reprinted in Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE), E. Chikofsky (ed.), 2nd edition, pp. 154-159, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993.
• “Cyclomatic Complexity Density and Software Maintenance Productivity”, (with G. Gill), IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, v. 17, n. 12, pp. 1284-1288, December 1991.
• “Towards a metrics suite for object oriented design ”, (with S. Chidamber), Proceedings of the Sixth ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA), Phoenix, Arizona, pp. 197-211, October, 1991. (Published as ACM SigPlan Notices, v. 26, n. 11, November, 1991)
• “Recent Applications of Economic Theory in Information Technology Research” (with J. Y. Bakos), Decision Support Systems, v. 8, n. 5, pp. 365-386, September 1992.
• “Software Cost Estimation Models”, Chapter 28 in The Software Engineer’s Reference Book, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, England, UK. (1991).
• “Systems Development Risks in Strategic Information Systems”, (with G. Sosa), Information and Software Technology, v. 33, n. 3, pp. 212-223, April 1991.
  Translated into Dutch and reprinted as “Risico’s bij systeemontwikkeling van strategische informatiesystemen” in Management en Organisatie van Automatiseringsmiddelen, Kluwer Bedrijfswetenschappen, Netherlands, October 1993.
• “A Model to Evaluate Variables Impacting Productivity on Software Maintenance Projects”, (with R. Banker and S. Datar), Management Science, v. 37, n. 1, pp. 1-18, January 1991.
• “An Agency Theory View Of The Management Of End-User Computing”, (with V. Gurbaxani), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 279-289, December 1990.
• “A Quantitative Analysis of US and Japanese Practice and Performance in Software Development”,  (with M. Cusumano), Management Science, v. 36, n. 11, pp. 1384-1406, November 1990.
• “Instrumenti per la Rilevazione ed il Recupero della Produttivita’ nella Manutenzione del Software” in Sistemi & Impresa  (Italian), v. 2, March 1990. 
  Translated from “Tools for Measuring and Improving Software Maintenance Productivity: Results from Empirical Research on Software Complexity” Proceedings of the Software Engineering Symposium 90. Milan, Italy, February 1990. 
• “An Agent-theoretic Perspective on the Management of Information Systems”, (with V. Gurbaxani), Proceedings of the 22nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, v. III, pp. 141-150, January 1989. 
  Awarded “Best Paper”, Economics of Information Systems Management Minitrack.
• “An Agenda for Research in the Managerial Evaluation of Computer-Aided Software Engineering Tool Impacts”, Proceedings of the 22nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, v. II, pp. 219-228, January 1989.
• “Scale Economies in New Software Development” (with R. Banker), IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, v. 15, n. 10, pp. 1199-1205, October 1989.
• “Barriers to Successful Strategic Information Systems”, (with G. Sosa), Planning Review, Special Issue on Strategic Information Systems, v. 16, n. 5, September / October 1988, pp. 20-46.
• “Software Production Economics: Theoretical Models and Practical Tools”, ACM 27th Technical Symposium Proceedings, Gaithersburg, Maryland, June 1988.
• “Factors Affecting Software Maintenance Productivity: An Exploratory Study”, (with R. Banker and S. Datar), Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, pp. 160-175, December 1987.
• “An Empirical Validation of Software Cost Estimation Models”, Communications of the ACM, v. 30 n. 5, pp. 416-429, May 1987.  (Reprinted in Software Engineering Metrics, M. J. Shepperd (ed.), McGraw-Hill, 1994.)

Funding

• “Discovering the Profiles and Patterns of Software Evolution”, National Science Foundation #9988315 & #9988227, co-Principal Investigator with S. Slaughter, July 1, 2000 through December 30, 2002, $316,165.
• “Economics of Software Maintenance as part of Total Cost of Ownership”, IBM Faculty Awards Program Maximum Award.
• “Standards Competition in the Presence of Conversion Technology: An Empirical Analysis of the Flash Memory Card Market”,  (With C. Liu and M. Smith),  NET Institute, New York University.
• “Consumer Welfare in Two-Sided Digital Content Markets", (with B.K. Dunn), BNY Mellon Faculty Fellowship, 2011-2013.