Oracle8 Distributed Database Systems
Release 8.0
A58247-01

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Preface

How Oracle8 Distributed Database Systems is Organized
Conventions Used in This Guide
Your Comments Are Welcome

1 Distributed Database Concepts

Oracle's Distributed Database Architecture
Clients and Servers
The Network
Databases and Database Links
Database Links
Schema Object Name Resolution
Connecting Between Oracle Server Versions
Distributed Databases and Distributed Processing
Distributed Databases and Database Replication
Heterogeneous Distributed Databases
Heterogeneous Services
Heterogeneous Services Agents
Features
Developing Distributed Database Applications
Remote and Distributed SQL Statements
Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs)
Remote and Distributed Transactions
Transparency in a Distributed Database System
Administering an Oracle Distributed Database System
Site Autonomy
Distributed Database Security
Tools for Administering Oracle Distributed Databases
Enterprise Manager
Third-Party Administration Tools
SNMP Support
National Language Support

2 Distributed Database Administration

Global Database Names and Global Object Names
Types of Database Links
Private, Public, and Global Database Links
Security Options for Database Links
Shared Database Links
Connection Qualifiers
Database Link Resolution
Schema Object Name Resolution
Views, Synonyms, Procedures and Global Name Resolution
Dropping a Database Link
Listing Available Database Links
Limiting the Number of Active Database Links
Techniques for Location Transparency
Views and Location Transparency
Synonyms and Location Transparency
Procedures and Location Transparency
Statement Transparency
Restrictions
Values for Environmentally-Dependent SQL Functions
Shared SQL for Remote and Distributed Statements

3 Distributed Transactions

Distributed Transaction Management
The Prepare and Commit Phases
Prepare Phase
Commit Phase
The Session Tree
Clients
Servers and Database Servers
Local Coordinators
The Global Coordinator
The Commit Point Site
A Case Study
The Scenario
The Process
Coordination of System Change Numbers
Read-Only Distributed Transactions
Limiting the Number of Distributed Transactions Per Node
Troubleshooting Distributed Transaction Problems
Failures that Interrupt Two-Phase Commit
Failures that Prevent Data Access
Manually Overriding In-Doubt Transactions
Manual Override Example
Step 1: Record User Feedback
Step 2: Query DBA_2PC_PENDING
Step 3: Query DBA_2PC_NEIGHBORS
Manually Checking the Status of Pending Transactions at SALES.ACME.COM
Manually Checking the Status of Pending Transactions at HQ.ACME.COM:
Step 4: Check for Mixed Outcome
The Pending Transaction Table (DBA_2PC_PENDING)
Manually Committing In-Doubt Transactions
Forcing a Commit or Rollback in Enterprise Manager
Manually Committing or Rolling Back In-Doubt Transactions
Changing Connection Hold Time
Setting a Limit on Distributed Transactions
Testing Distributed Transaction Recovery Features
Forcing a Distributed Transaction to Fail
The Recoverer (RECO) Background Process
Disabling and Enabling RECO

4 Using the Oracle Security Server

Oracle Security Server
Oracle Security Server Operation
Global Users
Creating Global Users
Authenticating Global Users
Global Roles
Creating Global Roles
Granting Privileges to Global Roles
Assigning Global Roles to Global Users
Enterprise Roles
Trusting Other Databases
Trust Between more than Two Databases
Administering Trust

5 Distributed Database System Application Development

Factors Affecting the Distribution of an Application's Data
Controlling Connections Established by Database Links
Referential Integrity in a Distributed System
Distributed Queries
Tuning Distributed Queries
Handling Errors in Remote Procedures

6 Understanding Oracle Heterogeneous Services

What is Heterogeneous Services?
Heterogeneous Services Agents
The Services provided by Heterogeneous Services
Transaction Service
SQL Service
Procedural Service
Using Heterogeneous Services
Heterogeneous Services Process Architecture
Process Architecture for Distributed External Procedures

7 Administering Oracle Heterogeneous Services

Setting up access to Non-Oracle Systems
Install the Heterogeneous Services Data Dictionary
Set Up Environment to Access Heterogeneous Services Agents
Create the Database Link to the Non-Oracle System
Test the Connection
Register Distributed External Procedures (Optional)
Structure of the Heterogeneous Services Data Dictionary
The Data Dictionary Views
General Data Dictionary Views for Heterogeneous Services
Views for the Transaction Service
Views for the SQL Service
Views for Distributed External Procedures
The DBMS_HS Package
Setting Initialization Parameters
Unsetting Initialization Parameters
Security for distributed External Procedures

8 Application Development with Heterogeneous Services

Application Development with Heterogeneous Services
Pass-Through SQL
Considerations When Using Pass-Through SQL
Executing Pass-Through SQL Statements
Executing Queries
Bulk Fetch
Array Fetch Using the OCI, an Oracle Precompiler, or Another Tool
Array Fetch Between an Oracle8 Server and the Agent
Array Fetch Between the Agent and the Non-Oracle Datastore
Reblocking

A Heterogeneous Services Initialization Parameters

HS_COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH
Purpose
HS_DB_DOMAIN
Purpose
HS_DB_INTERNAL_NAME
Purpose
HS_DB_NAME
Purpose
HS_DESCRIBE_CACHE_HWM
Purpose
HS_LANGUAGE
Purpose
Character sets
Language
Territory
HS_NLS_DATE_FORMAT
Purpose
HS_NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
Purpose
HS_NLS_NCHAR
HS_OPEN_CURSORS
Purpose
HS_ROWID_CACHE_SIZE
Purpose
HS_RPC_FETCH_REBLOCKING
Purpose
HS_FDS_FETCH_ROWS
Purpose
HS_RPC_FETCH_SIZE
Purpose

B DBMS_HS Package Reference

DBMS_HS.CREATE_FDS_INST
Purpose
Interface description
See Also
DBMS_HS.CREATE_INST_INIT
Purpose
Interface description
See Also
DBMS_HS.DROP_FDS_INST
Purpose
Interface Description
See Also
DBMS_HS.DROP_INST_INIT
Purpose
Interface description
See Also

C DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH for Pass-Through SQL

DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.BIND_VARIABLE
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.BIND_VARIABLE_RAW
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.BIND_OUT_VARIABLE
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.BIND_OUT_VARIABLE_RAW
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.BIND_INOUT_VARIABLE
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.BIND_INOUT_VARIABLE_RAW
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.CLOSE_CURSOR
Purpose
Interface Description
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.EXECUTE_IMMEDIATE
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.EXECUTE_NON_QUERY
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.FETCH_ROW
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.GET_VALUE
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.GET_VALUE_RAW
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.OPEN_CURSOR
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_HS_PASSTHROUGH.PARSE
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also

D DBMS_DISTRIBUTED_TRUST_ADMIN Package Reference

DBMS_DISTRIBUTED_TRUST_ADMIN.DENY_ ALL
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_DISTRIBUTED_TRUST_ADMIN.ALLOW_ ALL
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
See Also
DBMS_DISTRIBUTED_TRUST_ADMIN.ALLOW_SERVER
(SERVER IN VARCHAR2)
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level
DBMS_DISTRIBUTED_TRUST_ADMIN.DENY_SERVER
(SERVER IN VARCHAR2)
Purpose
Interface Description
Purity Level

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